2022-RA-1142-ESGO Cytological features of gynecologic tract carcinomas with neuroendocrine differentiation

Introduction/Background Gynecologic neuroendocrine carcinomas are rare, aggressive malignancies. The most common site is the cervix followed by endometrium, ovary, vagina and vulva. Histological subtype of origin major prognostic factors. We sought to characterize cytomorphological features these malignancies compare them with histologic features. Methodology Institutional databases were queried for gynecologic diagnosed between 2000 2021. All available cytological surgical specimens reviewed 3 pathologists evaluate histopathological characteristics. Results There 22 patients (aged 29–74 years, median 48 years). Primary sites included (n=13, small cell carcinoma), ovary (n=6; carcinoma hypercalcemic type carcinoma) endometrium (n=3; 2 1 large carcinoma). Results summarized in table 1.Most cases showed round-to-oval nuclei irregular contours. Among cervical specimens, high cellularity, nuclear: cytoplasmic ratio moderate pleomorphism. Nuclear molding, naked nuclei, coarse chromatin absence nucleoli more prominent cytologic specimens; mitoses, apoptosis, necrosis presence rare specimens.In ovarian carcinomas, nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio, intermediate finely or coarsely granular specimens. mitoses specimens.For endometrial tumors, clusters single cells, pleomorphism, chromatin, apoptosis. Conclusion Given rarity arising tract, a index suspicion important when encountering neuroendocrine-like morphologic suspected malignancy. Careful attention morphology confirmatory immunochemistry molecular testing accurate diagnosis.